Your first scene: scene, camera and renderer

• Cap setPixelRatio at 2, and update camera.aspect plus updateProjectionMatrix on resize.
• Keep near and far tight around the scene to preserve depth-buffer precision.
• Drive frames with renderer.setAnimationLoop instead of setInterval or setTimeout.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <style>
    html, body { height: 100%; margin: 0; }
    #stage { height: 100%; }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div id="stage"></div>

  <script type="importmap">
  {
    "imports": {
      "three": "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/three@0.160.0/build/three.module.js"
    }
  }
  </script>

  <script type="module">
    import * as THREE from 'three';

    const stage = document.getElementById('stage');

    const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true });
    renderer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio, 2));
    renderer.setSize(stage.clientWidth, stage.clientHeight);
    renderer.outputColorSpace = THREE.SRGBColorSpace;
    stage.appendChild(renderer.domElement);

    const scene = new THREE.Scene();
    scene.background = new THREE.Color(0x0d1117);

    const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(
      45, stage.clientWidth / stage.clientHeight, 0.1, 100
    );
    camera.position.set(3, 2, 4);
    camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);

    scene.add(new THREE.HemisphereLight(0xffffff, 0x223344, 1.2));
    const key = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 2.2);
    key.position.set(4, 6, 3);
    scene.add(key);

    const cube = new THREE.Mesh(
      new THREE.BoxGeometry(1.4, 1.4, 1.4),
      new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({ color: 0x4f9ef8, roughness: 0.35 })
    );
    scene.add(cube);

    renderer.setAnimationLoop(function () {
      cube.rotation.y += 0.01;
      cube.rotation.x += 0.004;
      renderer.render(scene, camera);
    });
  </script>
</body>
</html>

• A zero-height container or a missing light leaves the canvas black with no console error.
• Calling setSize alone stretches the view until the camera aspect is also updated.